We Need a Retirement Plan Free Essays

With the manner in which the economy is today, we need all the cash we can get particularly when we resign. The subject of my paper is â€Å"We needn't bother with a retirement plan since government managed savings will cover our requirements when we resign. This is a theme that I unequivocally can't help contradicting; Social Security alone won't be sufficient to cover our requirements when we resign. We will compose a custom article test on We Need a Retirement Plan or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Government managed savings or SSI is a program financed through general incomes; it is intended to help grown-ups who are visually impaired, the older and handicapped individuals who have next to zero pay. SSI gives money to address essential issues for food, dress, and safe house. Regardless of whether you can get SSI relies upon your pay and things you own. SSI benefits are payable to grown-ups who have restricted pay and assets, meet the living necessities, and are in any case qualified. In the event that you don’t fall into any of these classes and you have just resigned without a retirement plan, you won’t have a wellspring of salary to help yourself. The Federal advantage rate for a SSI installment is $674 dollars, as we as a whole know $674. 0 isn't about enough to live, and that may just be sufficient to pay your lease. You will in any case have other everyday costs, for example, food, bills, and individual things, also social insurance. Despite the fact that there is Medicaid, and Medicare yet not every person is qualified to get those advantages. These are a couple of reasons why Social Security won't be sufficient to cover our requirements when we resign withou t a retirement plan. With Social Security there is no assurance that you will meet all requirements to get installment. SSI depends on your pay, cash that you get, for example, wedges, other SSI advantages, and benefits. The measure of pay you can get every month and still get SSI relies mostly upon where you live. A portion of the assets utilized in the capability procedure are; land, ledgers, stocks and bonds, and money. You might have the option to get SSI benefits if your assets merit close to $2,000. A couple might be qualified to get SSI benefits if their assets merit close to $3,000. Another huge issue with retirement is Health Care. Sure Medical protection is incorporated when you get Social Security called Medicare and Medicaid, yet again you need to fit the bill for that too. You may imagine that Medicaid and Medicare are the equivalent; really they are two unique projects. Medicaid is a state run program that gives clinic and clinical inclusion to individuals with low salary and practically no assets. Each state has its own principles about who is qualified and what is secured under Medicaid. The program assists with the expense of human services, yet it doesn't over every single clinical cost or the expense of most long haul care. Medicare is financed by a bit of the finance charges paid by laborers and their bosses. It additionally is financed to some extent by month to month premiums deducted from Social Security checks. A few people meet all requirements for both Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare is our country’s medical coverage program for individuals age 65 or more established. Certain individuals more youthful than age 65 can meet all requirements for Medicare, as well, including the individuals who have incapacities and the individuals who have changeless kidney disappointment or amyotrophic parallel sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s malady). So as to fit the bill for Medicare before the age of 65 in the event that; you have been qualified for Social Security handicap benefits for two years; or you get an incapacity annuity from the railroad retirement board and meet certain conditions; or you worked long enough in an administration work where Medicare charges were paid and you meet the prerequisites of the Social Security inability program; or you are the kid or the widow(er) age 50, or more seasoned, including a separated widow(er), of somebody who has worked long enough in an administration work where Medicare charges were paid and you meet the necessity of the Social Security incapacity program. During my examination I had the option to talk with 3 individuals; Thomas Burrell a resigned veteran who has SSI and retirement, Kathy Burrell resigned from the educational system that just has retirement, and Thelma Kelly an old lady who is resigned however just gets SSI. Mr. Burrell is resigned from the military in 1991, resigned from the United States Postal Service in 2001; he began to get SSI benefits in 2001. At the point when I talked with Mr. Burrell, he had a great deal to state about SSI and retirement. Despite the fact that he is accepting both, he realizes that in the event that he just had one advantage he would not have the option to keep up his way of life. By Mr. Burrell accepting SSI and retirement he can accommodate his family. To the extent social insurance goes, Mr. Burrell has Medicare. By him getting retirement he doesn't meet all requirements for Medicaid which will cover the entirety of your clinical needs. You are not raking in boatloads of cash with either the SSI advantage or retirement, however with both joined you will have the option to endure. T. Burrell (individual correspondence, April 6, 2011) Kathy Burrell, who has quite recently resigned in January of this current year, just has a retirement plan and no SSI benefits. Mrs. Burrell resigned through the Florida Retirement System (FRS) and the 401K arrangement, and being utilized in Florida you need to hold up 4 months after you resign to get to your cash. You should have a salary to go on until you get your full retirement. Mrs. Burrell realizes that she can't make due on retirement alone. In the event that she didn’t have a spouse, after she resigned she would need to get another type of pay to make a decent living. To the extent social insurance goes, If Mrs. Burrell didn't have military protection from her better half; she would not have or have the option to bear the cost of it. K. Burrell (individual correspondence, April 6, 2011) Thelma Kelly an occupant of Columbia, South Carolina has been resigned for as far back as 15 years. Mrs. Kelly who is a widow has been getting SSI profits by her late spouse, and on the grounds that she is qualified. Mrs. Kelly gets $700. 00 every month, says that it is a gift that she doesn't have a house installment since she would not have the option to bear the cost of it. Mrs. Kelly battles each month to make her $700. 00 a month check keep going for food, gas, service bills, and other individual things. T. Kelly (individual correspondence, April 6) taking everything into account it is helpful to have a retirement plan alongside Social Security advantages to have the option to help yourself. As referenced before there are a great deal of specifications and necessities so as to meet all requirements for Social Security. Government disability alone won't be sufficient to cover our requirements when we resign. The most effective method to refer to We Need a Retirement Plan, Papers

The Enormous Bronze Age Shang Dynasty Capital of Yin

The Enormous Bronze Age Shang Dynasty Capital of Yin Anyang is the name of a cutting edge city in Henan Province of eastern China that contains the vestiges of Yin, the gigantic capital city of the late Shang Dynasty (1554 - 1045 BC). In 1899, many lavishly cut tortoise shells and bull scapulas called prophet bones were found in Anyang. Full-scale unearthings started in 1928, and from that point forward, examinations by Chinese archeologists have uncovered almost 25 square kilometers (~10 square miles) of the colossal capital city. A portion of the English-language logical writing alludes to the vestiges as Anyang, yet its Shang Dynasty occupants knew it as Yin. Establishing Yin Yinxu (or the Ruins of Yin in Chinese) has been recognized as the capital Yin portrayed in Chinese records, for example, the Shi Ji, in view of the engraved prophet bones which (in addition to other things) report the exercises of the Shang imperial house. Yin was established as a little local location on the south bank of the Huan River, a tributary of the Yellow River of focal China. At the point when it was established, a previous settlement called Huanbei (now and then alluded to as Huayuanzhuang) was situated on the north side of the waterway. Huanbei was a Middle Shang settlement worked around 1350 BC, and by 1250 secured a region of roughly 4.7 sq km (1.8 sq km), encompassed by a rectangular wall.​ A Urban City Be that as it may, in 1250 BC, Wu Ding, the 21st ruler of the Shang Dynasty {ruled 1250-1192 BC], made Yin his capital. Inside 200 years, Yin had ventured into a tremendous urban focus, with an expected populace of somewhere close to 50,000 and 150,000 individuals. The remains incorporate more than 100 beat earth royal residence establishments, various private neighborhoods, workshops and creation zones, and burial grounds. The urban center of Yinxu is the royal residence sanctuary locale at the center called Xiaotun, covering roughly 70 hectares (170 sections of land) and situated at a curve in the stream: it might have been isolated from the remainder of the city by a discard. More than 50 smashed earth establishments were found here during the 1930s, speaking to a few bunches of structures which had been constructed and revamped during the citys use. Xiaotun had a tip top private quarter, authoritative structures, special stepped areas, and a genealogical sanctuary. The greater part of the 50,000 prophet bones were found in pits in Xiaotun, and there were additionally various conciliatory pits containing human skeletons, creatures, and chariots. Private Workshops Yinxu is broken into a few particular workshop zones that contain proof of jade relic creation, the bronze throwing of apparatuses and vessels, stoneware making, and bone and turtle shell working. Different, monstrous bone and bronze working territories have been found, sorted out into a system of workshops that were heavily influenced by a various leveled ancestry of families. Particular neighborhoods in the city included Xiamintun and Miaopu, where bronze throwing occurred; Beixinzhuang where bone items were handled; and Liujiazhuang North where serving and capacity stoneware vessels were made. These regions were both private and modern: for instance, Liujiazhuang contained artistic creation flotsam and jetsam and furnaces, mixed with slammed earth house establishments, entombments, reservoirs, and other private highlights. A significant street drove from Liujiazhuang to the Xiaotun castle sanctuary area. Liujiazhuang was likely a heredity based settlement; its faction name was discovered recorded on a bronze seal and bronze vessels in a related burial ground. Passing and Ritual Violence at Yinxu A huge number of tombs and pits containing human remains have been found at Yinxu, from gigantic, expand regal internments, refined graves, basic graves, and bodies or body parts in conciliatory pits. Custom mass killings especially connected with eminence were a typical piece of Late Shang society. From the prophet bone records, during Yins 200-year occupation in excess of 13,000 people and a lot more creatures were relinquished. There were two kinds of state-upheld human penance archived in the prophet bone records found at Yinxu. Renxun or human colleagues alluded to relatives or hirelings executed as retainers at the passing of a first class person. They were frequently covered with tip top products in singular final resting places or gathering tombs. Rensheng or human contributions were gigantic gatherings of individuals, frequently damaged and beheaded, covered in enormous gatherings generally inadequate with regards to grave products. Rensheng and Renxun Archeological proof for human penance at Yinxu is found in pits and tombs found over the whole city. In local locations, conciliatory pits are little in scale, for the most part creature stays with human forfeits moderately uncommon, most with just one to three casualties for each occasion, albeit every so often they had upwards of 12. Those found at the imperial burial ground or in the royal residence sanctuary complex have included up to a few hundred human forfeits on the double. Rensheng penances were comprised of pariahs, and are accounted for in the prophet issues that remains to be worked out originate from in any event 13 distinctive foe gatherings. Over portion of the penances were said to have originated from Qiang, and the biggest gatherings of human penances provided details regarding the prophet bones constantly incorporated some Qiang individuals. The term Qiang may have been a classification of adversaries found west of Yin instead of a specific gathering; minimal grave products have been found with the internments. Efficient osteological investigation of the penances has not been finished starting at yet, however stable isotope concentrates among and between conciliatory casualties were accounted for by bioarchaeologist Christina Cheung and partners in 2017; they found that the casualties were without a doubt nonlocals. It is conceivable that rensheng penance casualties may have been slaves before their demises; prophet bone engravings report the oppression of the Qiang individuals and chronicling their inclusion in gainful work. Engravings and Understanding Anyang More than 50,000 recorded prophet bones and a few dozen bronze-vessel engravings dated to the Late Shang time frame (1220-1050 BC) have been recuperated from Yinxu. These records, along with later, optional writings, were utilized by British classicist Roderick Campbell to report in detail the political system at Yin. Yin was, as most Bronze Age urban areas in China, a rulers city, worked to the request for the lord as a made focal point of political and strict action. Its center was an illustrious burial ground and castle sanctuary zone. The ruler was the ancestry chief, and liable for driving customs including his antiquated precursors and other living relations in his tribe. Notwithstanding announcing political occasions, for example, the quantities of conciliatory casualties and to whom they were committed, the prophet bones report the rulers individual and state worries, from a toothache to trim disappointments to divination. Engravings likewise allude to schools at Yin, maybe puts for education preparing, or maybe where students were instructed to keep up divination records. Bronze Technology The Late Shang tradition was at the zenith of bronze creation innovation in China. The procedure utilized great forms and centers, which were pre-cast to forestall shrinkage and breaking during the procedure. The molds were made of a genuinely low level of dirt and an as needs be high level of sand, and they were terminated before use to deliver a high protection from warm stun, low warm conductivity, and a high porosity for sufficient ventilation during throwing. A few huge bronze foundry destinations have been found. The biggest recognized to date is the Xiaomintun site, covering a complete region of more than 5 ha (12 air conditioning), up to 4 ha (10 air conditioning) of which have been exhumed. Prehistoric studies in Anyang Until this point in time, there have been 15 periods of unearthings by Chinese specialists since 1928, including the Academia Sinica, and its replacements the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. A joint Chinese-American task directed unearthings at Huanbei during the 1990s. Yinxu was recorded as an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006. Sources Campbell Roderick B, Li Z, He Y, and Jing Y. 2011. Utilization, trade and creation at the Great Settlement Shang: bone-working at Tiesanlu, Anyang. Artifact 85(330):1279-1297.Cheung C, Jing Z, Tang J, Weston DA, and Richards MP. 2017. Diets, social jobs, and land starting points of conciliatory casualties at the imperial burial ground at Yinxu, Shang China: New proof from stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope investigation. Diary of Anthropological Archeology 48:28-45.Flad R. 2016. Urbanism as innovation in early China. Archeological Research in Asia 2016/09/29.Jin ZY, Wu YJ, Fan AC, Yue ZW, Li G, Li SH, and Yan LF. 2015. Radiance investigation of the underlying, pre-throwing terminating temperatures of earth form and center utilized for bronze throwing at Yinxu (13c. BC~11c. BC). Quaternary Geochronology 30:374-380.Smith AT. 2010. The proof for scribal preparing at Anyang. In: Li F, and Prager Banner D, editors. Composing and Literacy in Early China. Seattle: University of W ashington Press. p 172-208. Sun W-D, Zhang L-P, Guo J, Li C-Y, Jiang Y-H, Zartman RE, and Zhang Z-F. 2016. Starting point of the secretive Yin-Shang bronzes in China showed by lead isotopes. Logical Reports 6:23304.Wei S, Song G, and He Y. 2015. The recognizable proof of restricting operator utilized in late Shang Dynasty turquoise-inlayed bronze items uncovered in Anyang. Diary of Archeological Science 59:211-218.Zhang H, Merrett DC, Jing Z, Tang J, He Y, Yue H, Yue Z, and Yang DY. 2016. Osteoarchaeological Studies of Human Systemic Stress of Early Urbanization in Late Shang at Anyang, China. PLOS ONE 11(4):e0151854.Zhang H, Merrett DC, Jing Z, Tang J, He Y, Yue H, Yue Z, and Yang DY. 2017. Osteoarthritis, work division, and word related specialization of the Late Shang China - experiences from Yinxu (ca. 1250-1046 B.C

Bradley, Bill

Bradley, Bill Bradley, Bill (William Warren Bradley), 1943â€", American athlete and politician, b. Crystal City, Mo. He first gained wide attention as an All-America basketball player at Princeton. Graduating in 1965, he attended Oxford as a Rhodes scholar and in 1967â€"77 starred for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association. In 1979 he became a U.S. senator from New Jersey. Before retiring from the Senate in 1997, he gained a reputation as a reform-minded Democrat, influential especially on environmental, labor, and income-tax issues. Often mentioned as a possible presidential candidate, Bradley became (1999) a candidate for the 2000 Democratic presidential nomination, but he was defeated in the primaries by Al Gore . Bradley wrote about his visions for America's future in The Journey from Here (2000) and The New American Story (2007). See his account of his Knicks years, Life on the Run (1976), and his memoir, Time Present, Time Past (1996). The Columbia Electro nic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

My Opinions On Same Sex Marriage Debate - 1632 Words

My Opinions In The Same-Sex Marriage Debate (First Year Composition Essay 2/6) By Wesley Whitley Same-Sex marriage has been a huge topic in recent days, weeks, months, and years. One by one numerous countries and states have realized that the right to marry is exactly that a RIGHT! But still so many fight against it through reasons of religion, fear of the unknown, or just to be hateful. Left and right they’ve tried every way possible to keep loving couples (some with children, either adopted or born via surrogacy) from getting to say â€Å"This is my husband or this is my wife†, share a last name, stand before their friends, family, and God (or whatever higher power in which they believe) and say â€Å"This man/woman is my forever.†, and even more seriously, have access to the legal benefits of marriage that are too many to mention in this moment but each is something that many opposite-sex couples take for granted every day. I, being a Christian and a gay man who hopes to one day say â€Å"I do† to the man God blesses me to have, have heard both s ides of the story numerous times in many different ways and have noticed the main arguments used against this issue seem to consist of â€Å"It goes against the definition of a traditional marriage†, â€Å"It will destroy all marriages†, and â€Å"It endangers children/will decrease the population†. All of these arguments, in context and lack of research into the opposite side, do seem do have some play in this matter but when you look at what theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Gay Marriage Is Good For America1512 Words   |  7 Pagesthe US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Many conservative groups do NOT agree with this decision. The gay marriage debate has been simmering for as long as I can remember. The four articles I have selected give information from four different perspectives including that of liberals, conservatives, homosexuals, and orthodox Jews. With so many differing opinions, one can un derstand why its been so hard for the nation to come to agreeRead MoreGay Marriage Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pages 02/02/2012 Legalizing same-sex marriage has been a debate going on for quite some time. The recognition of such marriages is a civil rights, political, social, moral, and religious issue in many nations. Since 2001, ten countries have begun allowing same-sex couples to marry nationwide. In the United States the federal government does not recognize same-sex marriage, but such marriages are recognized by some individual states. Proposition 8 in NovemberRead MoreSame Sex Marriage and Politics in the U.S. Essay800 Words   |  4 PagesRecently, Same Sex Marriage has become a major issue in the United States. There are variations in opinions concerning the topic. The main concern is should same sex marriage be allowed or declared unconstitutional. Plenty of conservatives are completely against gay marriage and many of liberals are fighting for equal treatment. Many controversies and arguments have developed from this issue. There are many reasons why gay marriage should be legal or illegal. The people who oppose same sex marriageRead More Gay Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesConstitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Yet, same-sex marriage continues to be a highly debated issue that leaves our society searching for answers. This has been very apparent during elections when politicians, in order to distract or sway conservative voters, all took a side and had an opinion on the issue of same-sex marriage. The debate has been presented on the left as a civil rights debate, equal rights. And on the right, as a morals debate, a referendum on homosexuality (RauchRead MoreThe Debate Over Same Sex Parenting1435 Words   |  6 Pages The debate over same-sex parenting and same sex couples being capable of raising healthy children in the United States is a contentious one, speakers on both sides continue to work hard to have their voices heard. Some believe that being raised by same sex couples will cause the children to pursue same sex rel ationships in the future. The supreme court has been working towards equality and listening to arguments on the rights for same-sex couples to not only marry but to adopt and raise childrenRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal993 Words   |  4 PagesSame sex marriage has been a huge topic for many years. Some states have ruled it unconstitutional, and some have disagreed, and even passed a law to allow same sex couple to legally get married. Should we punish people for wanting to show and express their love for one another? Me personally, I feel that these people should be allowed to show their love for one another the same as a man marring a woman. The only difference in their love is sexual preference and I don’t think that should be a hugeRead MoreEssay on Marriage Equailty for the LGBT Community1554 Words   |  7 Pagesequality, and particularly, marriage equality. Each individual has their own perception on marriage equality, whether it is based on moral basis, or on a humanistic (humane) basis, which is the belief of not denying anyone the right to be who they are, and therefore love who they love. However, as a society, we must examine the facts, as well as ourselves, as we address the debate for marriage equality for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community. The Debate: Morals v. Humanistic BeliefsRead MoreThe Debate Over Same Sex Marriage1334 Words   |  6 Pagesapprove the so-called Federal Marriage Amendment. This would amend the US Constitution to legally define marriage as the union of a man and a woman only. Utah has passed a similar amendment that was ratified by Utah voters in the general election of 2004. I believe that couples of the same sex should be able to marry, and receive the same rights as man and women couples, but I m going to argue both points. The pros and the cons of same sex marriage. -Same sex marriage has been a fight that has beenRead MoreLiterature Review Gay Marriage around the world is something of a controversial topic. Everyone900 Words   |  4 PagesLiterature Review Gay Marriage around the world is something of a controversial topic. Everyone has a different opinion on the rights of gay people and how exactly the matter should be addressed. Some countries have made it illegal to practice homosexuality; some even consider it punishable by death. But what do Christians around the world and specifically in South Africa think about it? Andrew Sullivan discusses the fact that younger people during our time period find homosexuality more acceptableRead MoreEssay about Religion and Gay Rights1124 Words   |  5 Pagesand that has always led to a debate of opinions. But in the last 20 years this topic has jumped to the top of the religious/political controversy list. This topic is important to all Americans because so many different groups have a stakeholder position in this issue. Adoption agencies, health services, insurance companies and the wedding industry just to name a few. Many believe legalizing marriage for same-sex couples would not only change the meaning of marriage, but change society all together

The Prevalence Of Mental Health - 976 Words

The physical and mental health of homeless individuals is considerably worse than that of the general population. The prevalence of mental health disorder is astronomically higher among the homeless population. The use of alcohol abuse is usually associated with one or two other psychological disorders. There are many people who have outside issues as well such as physical abuse, antisocial, and sexual abuse. Their motivation to get out of being homeless is usually poor because of poor motivation, no support system, and depression. Substance abuse can be attributed to about fifty percent of the homeless population. Homeless individuals are three times more likely to have alcohol-use disorder compared with the general population (Keane, Magee, and Lee 2015). Alcohol is also usually associated with anxiety and depression disorders and it can lead to criminal behaviors or even suicide. Alcohol use can a contributor or the result of being homeless, many people use alcohol as a form of co ping. People who have experienced child abuse are more likely to develop a substance abuse disorder at a later age. It shows that the homeless population have experienced abuse or other traumatic incident in their life. The more likely someone is to recall a traumatic childhood experience the more likely they were to consume alcohol. Alcohol and abuse are very much related. So is low economic burden being of low wage household increases all these factors. The person will be more at risk toShow MoreRelatedPrevalence Of Mental Health Illnesses Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesPrevalence of Mental Health Illnesses in Inmates In this country, individuals with a mental health illness make up half of all correctional facility intakes, which is rivaled with eleven percent of the overall populace, however, only 1 in 9 incarcerated individuals are given any care for their mental illness (Anasseril, 2007). When the much-needed care is absent in prisons and jails, inmates with mental health disorders experience excruciating signs and their disorder can decline and be plaguedRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Mental Health Disorders1335 Words   |  6 PagesThe prevalence of mental health disorders in the Unites States is growing exponentially. According to the Center for Disease Control (2015), one out of five adolescents are diagnosed with a mental health disorder and 15 million children are estimated with a mental health diagnosis. Having resources available to this population from the advanced schools of psychology is vital to maintaining healthy interventions for our future children and adolescents. Furthe rmore, it’s imperative to review notRead MorePrevalence Of Mental Health Effects On An Individual s Emotions, Perceptions, Behavior, And Wellbeing1829 Words   |  8 Pages 1. Prevalence of Mental Health: Mental health illnesses impact on an individual’s emotions, perceptions, behaviour and wellbeing. Prevalence refers to how common the condition is (all diagnosed cases), and as such morbidity rates are often reliable indicators for the prevalence of a particular condition. In 2011-12 there were 3 million Australians who had reported having a mental health condition (ABS 2012). This is evident of an increasing trend in the last decade, which could be reflective ofRead MoreHealth System Differences : Louisiana And Illinois823 Words   |  4 PagesHEALTH SYSTEM DIFFERENCES: LOUISIANA AND ILLINOIS The Health system in Louisiana and Illinois is widely different on basis of access to healthcare, mental health issues and many others. Looking at overall performance of healthcare system by measuring 42 different variables such as at systemic level, from insurance coverage to vaccination rates to avoidable hospital stays and at individual level, from rate of obesity to numbers of adults who have lost six or more teeth, Illinois is among the thirdRead MoreDescriptive Epidemiology Of Major Depressive Disorder In Canada1111 Words   |  5 Pagesused a survey called Canadian Community Health Study - Mental Health (CCHS-MH) to evaluate Major Depressive Disorder among their participants. CCHS-MH is an adaptation of the World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostics. They had a sample of 25, 113 individuals who went through a computer assisted personal interviewer. Their participants were at least 15 years old. In the context of gender, this study states that the prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder was higherRead MoreMental Illness Of Mental Health Disorders1590 Words   |  7 Pagessomewhat reliable evidence has been gathered on mental illnesses and their prevalence. Before around the 1980’s though, the evidence that was gathered on mental illnesses was too inconsistent to be credible. In a survey conducted by the World Health Organization’s department of World Mental Health, data was gathered on the prevalence of mental health disorders in 14 countries around the world. The results of these surveys conclude that mental health disorders are more prevalent than any other chronicRead MoreSymptoms And Factors Of Schizophrenia1344 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Introduction This assignment will provide a definition about schizophrenia, its symptoms and factors that may cause it briefly as well as its incidence and prevalence in Australia, Spain and United States of America. It also introduces some of old and recent treatments of this disease. 2.0 Definition of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is categorised as a psychotic disorder. Psychosis-a general word that is usually used as the psychotic illnesses syndromes-affects people’s thoughts, speech and senseRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Depression820 Words   |  4 Pagesfor Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015; Mental Health Association, 2016). Depression is among the leading causes of disability in the general adult population, ages 18 years and above (US Preventative Services Taskforce [USPST], 2016). The US Preventative Services Taskforce recommends that all adult patients be screened for depression (USPST, 2016). Approximately 6% of older adults, ages 65 and older, have some form of depression (Mental Health Association, 2016). The risk of depression doublesRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Mental Illness1348 Words   |  6 PagesMental illness is increasingly being recognized as a challenge faced by many Canadians. The Mental Health Strategy for Canada estimates that ‘in any given year , one in five people in Canada experiences a mental health problem or illness’. (Bartram et al., 2012) The prevalence of mental illness is not exclusive to the Canadian population and it is estimated that these figures are rising. In 2004, the World Health Organization ranked major depression as third in terms of the overall burden of diseasesRead MoreDistribution of Depression Amongst Young Australians Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Depression is a mental disorder in which a patient might feel intense, prolonged, negative emotions (Beyond Blue, 2014). This can have severe impact on a persons mental and physical health, thus affecting a persons quality of life. Severe cases can even lead to suicide. It is estimated that one in six Australians will experience depression in their lifetime (Beyond Blue, 2014). The burden of disease gives an indication of of the loss of health and well being of Australians due to

The Invention of Blue Jeans Free Essays

In 1873 blue jeans were invented by a well known man named Levi Strauss. Blue jeans became popular for farmers and workers, because they were tougher and less likely to rip. Many Americans wore jeans for comfort, too. We will write a custom essay sample on The Invention of Blue Jeans or any similar topic only for you Order Now A 24-year-old German immigrant named Levi Strauss departed from New York with  little supply of dry  materials. He also had the intention of opening  an extension  of his brother’s New York business that he was bringing to San Francisco. Strauss did not want to be a prospector, so he decided he would make enough money by selling supplies to the miners. First, Strauss sold cloth, textiles, and sewing supplies to the miners, but he didn’t earn much profit by doing that. Then he heard the miners complaining about how easily they ripped their pants, so Strauss decided to use some of his heavy canvas fabric to make the miners pants to wear. The first jeans were made of a material called ‘duck’, but this fabric was not particularly comfortable. Then Strauss made the jeans using fabric called denim. Denim is a tough, cotton fabric which is made by passing under two or more threads. This fabric made jeans much more popular for everyone to wear, not just workers. In 1873, Jacob Davis wrote him a letter saying that he could make durable pockets with metal rivets for the pants. But Davis didn’t have enough money to share his idea, so he offered to give his idea to Strauss if Strauss agreed to pay his patent. Strauss agreed, and from then on blue jeans had metal rivet pockets. Then the idea for jeans was to dye them with indigo, to make jeans blue. After that, blue jeans were considered perfect. Blue jeans changed the style of dressing later in history. After they were invented, blue jeans were typically only used for protection. But soon after Strauss changed the fabric to denim, they became comfortable and stylish. American’s then thought of new ideas for jeans, and the styles changed to all different kinds of jeans like skinny jeans, straight leg, boot cut, etc. They initially changed the way of dressing, and the future style of Americans. Blue jeans became popular for farmers and workers, because they were tough, strong, durable pants that everyone could rely on not ripping. They became the apparel that changed America’s style of dressing too, and the most popular type of pants. Jeans are still largely popular, and they will continually be modified to fit the changing style of America. How to cite The Invention of Blue Jeans, Essay examples

Porsche Essays - Sports Cars, Porsche 911 GT3, Porsche 911

Porsche I have narrowed down my project to just Porsche vehicles. I am not going to talk about the man behind the car to much. I have found several web sites that have criteria about Porsche and their different models and their performance. I will discuss these subjects along with others. The history of Porsche will be discussed. I will also talk about some different models such as the 911 GT3. I will also discuss the GT1 and GT3 race seriesI will also discuss Porches latest press releases. History The early years (the 40's & 50's) 1948: The very first Porsche. The very first Porsche 356/1 developed by Ferry Porsche and his proven team is completed in the Austrian town of Gm?nd and receives technical homologation on June 8,1949: Presentation of the Cisitalia racing car.The Cisitalia racing car is presented at the Torino Motor Show, featuring a 12-cylinder dual-compressor boxer engine in mid ship arrangement, 1493 cc, 385 bhp at 10600 rpm, top speed 300 km/h (186 mph), four-wheel drive with individual drive activation of the front wheels. 1950: Porsche returns to Zuffenhausen Porsche returns to Zuffenhausen, near Stuttgart. Thus begins a new chapter in Porsche's history. In rooms rented from the Reutter car body factory, production facilities are set up. Porsche becomes an independent automobile factory. 1951: Porsche's first international success in Le Mans Professor Ferdinand Porsche Sr. dies, aged 75. The Porsche 356 scores its first international success in motor racing, winning the 1100-cc category in the 24 Hours of Le Mans. 1953: Porsche 550 Spyder Presentation of the Fuhrmann engine for the Porsche 550 Spyder: 1.5 liter four-cylinder, four camshafts, 110 bhp 1956: the 10,000th Porsche 356 Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Company, the 10,000th Porsche 356 leaves the production hall. Porsche has already scored 400 victories in motor racing. The 1.5 liter 550 Spyder, driven here by Richard von Frankenberg, becomes the "shark in the pool of perch" in major races, where it competed against cars with more horsepower. 1958: Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Company, the 10,000th Porsche 356 leaves the production hall. Porsche has already scored 400 victories in motor racing. The 60's and 70's 1961: Work starts on a new six cylinder engine Behind closed doors, work starts on a new Porsche with a six cylinder engine. The body is designed by Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, Ferry Porsche's son. 1963: Porsche 911.At the Frankfurt International Automobile Show, Porsche presents the 911. The underlying concept of an air-cooled flat engine in the rear is retained.1964: Production start of the Porsche 911.1969: Porsche 914-4 and 914-6. Presentation of the 914-4 and 914-6 mid-engine sports cars at the Frankfurt Motor Show.Porsche for the second time wins the World Championships for works cars. For the second consecutive year, the 911 wins the Monte Carlo Rallye. 1970:The Porsche 917 (4.5-litre 12-cylinder boxer engine) shown to the public for the first time in Geneva wins virtually all races the world over, including the World Championship of Makes and the Endurance World Championship. Work starts at the Weissach Research and Development Centre. 1972: Porsche goes public. Under the guidance of Ferry Porsche as Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Porsche goes public. 1974: The first 911 Turbo With the 911 Turbo a new era begins: exhaust: exhaust turbo charged autos. 1975: The first Transaxle sports car. Porsche introduces the 924, the first Transaxle sports car with the engine at the front, the transmission and drive wheels at the rear. Production of the "big Porsche", the 928, starts in Stuttgart: V8 light-alloy engine, Transaxle configuration, Weissach axle. To this day the only sports car in the world ever to win the title of Sports Car of the Year. The 80's & 90's 1982: The Porsche 956, the most successful racing/sports car of all times, begins its victorious career. 1985: Launch of the Porsche 959, a spearhead in new technology. A limited number are built. In 1986, it is the first sports car to win the Paris-Dakar Rally. 1988: Launch of the new 911 Carrera 4.1989: Introduction of Tiptronic four-speed automatic transmission operated either manually (as a function of load) or serving as a fully automatic transmission. Featured for the first time in the new 911 Carrera 2. 1993: Presentation of the first Boxster concept car at the Detroit Auto Show. Launch of

Situation Analysis-Peace Memorial Hospital Essays

Situation Analysis-Peace Memorial Hospital Essays Situation Analysis-Peace Memorial Hospital Essay Situation Analysis-Peace Memorial Hospital Essay Peace Memorial Hospital is a 600-bed, independent, not-for-profit, general hospital located on the southern periphery of a major western city. It is one of six general hospitals in the city and twenty in the county. After doing much research, the Board of Directors has decided that they should open an ambulatory location in the downtown area, to be known as the Downtown Health Clinic (DHC). The clinic will have 4 major objectives: â€Å"1. To expand the hospital’s referral base, 2. To increase referrals of privately insured patients, 3. To establish a liaison with the business community by addressing employers’ specific health needs, and 4. To become self-supporting three years after opening† (Kerin and Peterson, 2007, p. 198). Market Summary â€Å"Peace Memorial Hospital is a 600-bed, independent, not-for-profit, general hospital located on the southern periphery of a major western city. It is one of six general hospitals in the city and twenty in the county. It is financially stronger than most of the metropolitan-based hospitals in the United States. It is debt-free and has the highest overall occupancy rate among the city’s six general hospitals† (Kerin and Peterson, 2007, p. 198). According to the Hospital Physician Partners (2010), â€Å"The larger you grow as a company, the greater the challenge becomes to remain local†¦ That’s something we’ve got to be able to hold on to. It’s what sets us apart from the competition† (para. 5). This is how Peace Memorial Hospital views their need for a downtown health clinic. Target Markets The target market for Peace Memorial Hospital includes: Young families Older residents. Medicare recipients Privately insured Short stay patients Market Demographics Peace Memorial Hospital is geared towards everyone with a health ailment. They expect that most of their clientele will be either â€Å"young, upwardly mobile families from the city† or â€Å"inner-city residents, who have a higher median age and higher incidence of Medicare coverage. † Within the first 11 months of operation, DHC decided to have their patients participate in helping them determine the demographics about their clientele. Exhibit 6 shows the results that they have received from these responses. Exhibit 6 Profile of Downtown Health Clinic Patients: Personal Illness/Exam Visits Only Occupation Clerical48% Professional/Technical/Managerial23% Operator19% Other10% Sex Male30% Female70% Referral Source Friend/Colleague35% Employer60% Other5% Patient Origin One block25% Two blocks28%. Three blocks22% Four blocks15% Five blocks8% More than five blocks2% Direction North of DHC10% South of DHC25% Northeast of DHC5% Southwest of DHC15% East of DHC20% West of DHC10% Southeast of DHC10% Northwest of DHC5% Have Regular Physician Yes18% No82% Market Needs â€Å"Given their [Suburban Ambulatory Care Clinics] locations in suburban areas, these facilities were not considered direct competition, but their existence indicated that â€Å"the city’s populace was attuned to ambulatory health care facilities,† (Kerin and Peterson, 2007, p. 200). Exhibit 4 Suburban Ambulatory Care Clinics: Operations Profile OperationsEmer Center #1Emer Center #2Adams Industrial ClinicHealth FirstMedcenter OpeningMarch 1990November 1992June 1992May 1991June 1997 Patients/year9,0306,0008,4005,7008,661 Hours of operation10:00 A. M. –10:00 P. M. 10:00 A. M. –10:00 P. M. 8:00 A. M. –5:00 P. M. 5:00 P. M. –11:00 P. M. 8:00 A. M. –8:00 P. M. Monday–FridayMonday–SundayMonday–FridayMonday–FridayMonday–Sunday 10:00 A. M. –10:00 P. M Saturday–Sunday Physicians/8-hr shift22222 Estimated patient visits/hour3. 8/hr3. 4/hr5. 0/hr3. 0/hr3. 0/hr Estimated average charge per visit$60. 00$62. 00$76. 00$62. 00$64. 00 Services provided: Preventive health care XXX Minor emergencies XXXXX Employer services X X-ray/lab tests XXXXX Misc. XXXXX Use direct-mail advertisingXXXX Market Growth. As Federal legislation has been introduced and altered, the hospital industry has started to thrive. â€Å"The Hill-Burton Act provided billions of dollars for hospital construction, to be repaid by fulfilling quotas for charity care. Additional funds were poured into expansion and construction of medical schools. Medicare and Medicaid subsidized health care for the indigent, disabled, and elderly. These programs reimbursed hospitals for their incurred costs plus an additional return on investment† (Kerin and Peterson, 2007, p. 196). SWOT Analysis. Strengths: Location Weaknesses: Unemployment causing loss of health coverage Opportunities: More Medicare recipients Threats: Ambulatory health care services Higher health premiums ? References Kerin, R. A. , Peterson, R. A. (2007). Strategic marketing problems: Cases and comments (11th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Hospital Physician Partners. (2010). Rapid Growth Continues in 2010 for Hospital Physician Partners. Retrieved from hppartners. com/news/rapid-growth-continues-in-2010-for-hospital-physician-partners/.

Written Word Media An Awesome Ad Platform for Authors

Written Word Media An Awesome Ad Platform for Authors Written Word Media: An Awesome Ad Platform for Authors One of the questions we get most often at Reedsy is: "where can I promote my book". You're probably already familiar with Bookbub, but their  exclusivity makes it hard for the emerging author to get a promotion with them. This is where Written Word Media come in: another proven ad platform for authors with several "brands" to make your book visible. Here's our interview with their co-founder Ferol Vernon, who shares some numbers and great nuggets of advice with us.Hello Ferol! Great to have you on the Reedsy blog! You are the COO of Written Word Media, a series of ebook-focused websites. Can you tell us what the concept is, the story behind the company and how you’ve managed to build a community of about 500,000 readers?The short version of the story is that we were looking for a place to promote my mother-in-law’s book, and there weren’t any good options at the time. We built our first site Freebooksy.com to solve her problem, the problem of one author. As we grew, we expanded the number and variety of websites that we run in order to solve the problems of many authors, which helped us build great reader experiences as well. We’ve focused on building great brands that connect with readers, and it’s allowed us grow very rapidly.Who is your target market? How do you differentiate yourself from Bookbub?Our target market is anyone who has a book and wants to promote that book. We work with mostly independent authors, but we also work with a lot of small presses, and 3 of ‘big five’ major publishers as well.The difference between BookBub and us is exclusivity. BookBub’s policies force them to outright reject most authors. Our policies and pricing are designed to be friendly to the emerging author. We tell authors that if you can get into BookBub, great, you should do it, AND you should buy with us. If you don’t get into BookBub, don’t sweat it, know that you can always reach your audience throug h us.As an author, what can I expect from being featured in your emails? Can you share data from your previous campaigns? How much does the service cost?What you can expect depends on things like your genre and the quality of your book. We see a wide variance in how well books perform, but to give you a sense, popular genres like Mystery and Romance can generate 1,000 - 5,000 free downloads on Freebooksy. For paid books, on BargainBooksy in popular genres authors can expect to sell anywhere from 10-50 copies of their books with some authors selling 200-300 copies. It’s highly dependent on the price and quality of the book.On Freebooksy and Bargain Booksy, our ads cost between $40-$200, with the majority of ads being in that $50-$100 range. For our premium brands, NewInBooks and Red Feather Romance prices start at $49 and go up to $499 for our full service packages.I believe the New in Books brand is the most recent. The concept is slightly different as it is not just for book s that get discounted; there is no economic incentive to subscribe. Who is it for? Why do you think readers enjoy it?NewInBooks is exciting for us. The hook for readers is to alert them about great new books that are coming out, as well as news from the world of books. It’s a way to never miss a new book from your favorite author or in your favorite genre. Readers have reacted well to the service and to the brand.The two big differences with NewInBooks are that it’s not a discount site, and it’s not restricted to ebooks. This audience pays full price for books, and purchases physical and audiobooks in addition to ebooks. On NewInBooks there is an emphasis on discovery, we have more content around books to read if you like a certain author or a certain subgenre. This type of content doesn’t create the same spike in sales that running a discount day does. However, it creates a consistent stream of sales weeks and months after the content is published as rea ders discover the content through social media and search.You have been collecting a lot of data helping about 20,000 authors market their books. What makes an author successful in today’s marketplace?We just posted a great article with some findings about what successful authors do compared to emerging authors. The two most salient findings were:Write more! We found that successful authors write on average 30+ hours per week, which is a lot. If life gets in the way of writing 30 hours a week, try simply writing more than you did last week.Pay a professional. We found that successful authors pay professionals for things like cover design and editing. These services are generally pretty affordable, and make a big difference in the overall end result of a book.Your most recent projects have a strong emphasis on design; discovering new books is an entire experience. Websites like Goodreads seem not to care. What’s the rationale behind this choice?Design has been a passion of mine since I was a kid. My mother is an artist and a designer so I grew up learning about things like color, perspective, spacing, and typography from her. I believe in good design very deeply, and I understand the power that a well-designed product. Our emphasis on branding and design stems from this belief, and both authors and readers respond to it. Website design is a lot like fashion design, trends are important. Sites like Goodreads aren’t necessarily poorly designed, but they are behind the trend. Goodreads is a great service, and I’m hopeful that a design refresh is on the horizon.What’s the next step for Written Word Media? Building other brands for other segments of the market?Our strategy is working and we’re going to stay true to it. We believe that each segment of readers is different, and that the best way to connect with a reader segment is to launch a new brand that fits their needs. We believe that books are a force for good in this w orld, and that supporting the authors who write them is an honor and a privilege. We’ll continue to build great brands for readers and great promotional products for authors.Follow Written Word Media and Reedsy on Twitter: @WrittenWordM and @ReedsyHQHave you tried advertising on one of Written Word Media's brands? Please  share your thoughts  and experience with us, or ask Ferol any question, in the comments below!

DS Assignment 7 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DS Assignment 7 - Coursework Example This has been worse on countries that have benefited greatly on the monetary policies of the Fed. Higher levels of international liquidity relative to short-term liabilities and lower balance sheet vulnerability to currency depreciation have enabled most countries in the Latin America to withstand any financial breakdowns (Franko, 2006). The fact that Latin America expects to experience an increased economic growth in the current year, reforms geared towards increased productivity have been enhanced and are expected to dominate the forthcoming international talks. The policymakers’ attention has to shift to other macroeconomic aspects given that financial risk problems seem to have been adequately dealt with such as fiscal policy evaluations as well ensuring that the interest rates remain low so as to encourage investments as well as consumption and the exchange rate. This will aid economies that had been badly affected by tapering of the Fed in the previous year provided that they take control of huge current account deficits and reduction of labor costs as well as assets’ valuation (Blair, 1999). The recent financial crisis have triggered new debate on the impact of gender on the economic cycle as well as making policymakers to reconsider earlier studies by (Bullock, 1994) who tried to explore the effect of women in employment on recession. He had earlier suggested that the vulnerability of women could be viewed in three dimensions namely demand side in which the recessionary effects are triggered by the pattern and form of gender segregation. The second dimension is about how women are committed to participation in the labour market and the common belief that women may act as a flexible reserves in who are willing to quit their positions in times of low economic demand. The final view is about a keen consideration of the role played by the

Bad News Message - Revised Version Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bad News Message - Revised Version - Assignment Example I hope you can appreciate that we must draw a line in the sand when it comes to warranties of this type and remain committed to these restrictions. If we did not do this, our company would be inundated with requests for free repairs, which would prevent us from being able to provide the equipment that we do at the competitive price that we offer. We believe that any errors in manufacturing would quickly become apparent, and feel that offering a two year replacement window provides ample coverage for any breakdowns that occur due to mistakes on your part. Equipment of this sort, unfortunately, is subject to significant wear and tear, and it is simply impossible for us to make an exception in any one case, as this would make it necessary to make a similar exception each time this issue arises. We also offer extended service warranties on everything that we sell for a nominal price. If you are concerned about equipment breaking down, you may want to consider such extended coverage in the future, which includes a five year warranty, on-site service, and 24 hours a day, 365 days a year phone service Furthermore, because of the difficulty that you have encountered with this product, we are prepared to offer you a single-use discount coupon, which will give you a percentage off the cost of a new or refurbished piece of equipment I am sorry that I was not able to provide a refund or replacement to your equipment, and hope you understand my position in this case. If you are interested in pursuing any of the options listed above, please feel free to email me at albot.royal@compus.co, or call me at 555-555-5555. If you have any other questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact

What Similarities and differences can you find between Growing Up :: English Literature

What Similarities and differences can you find between Growing Up and The Son’s Veto? You should pay particular attention to the way the relationships between parents and children are portrayed by the authors. Thomas Hardy Thomas Hardy was a pre-twentieth, post-nineteenth century author, he wrote short stories and novels, even poems. Hardy explores the different levels of relationships between men and women. He delves into the environments and the circumstances in which they live upon. Hardy digs deep to find the love hate and sacrifice in this story, ‘The Son’s Veto.’ It is basically about the relationship between mother and son, husband and wife and two lovers. ‘The Son’s Veto’ is a roller coaster of emotions, happy, sad, frustrating, sorrow, love, remorse and hate, each feeling immense in themselves. Joyce Cary passed away in 1957. When he died he had become accepted as one of the best modern novelists. In ‘Growing Up’ one of his famous novels, there is a moral, ‘no matter how old we are we are never too old to learn.’ This story concentrates on the relationships of the two sisters and their father, it grasps the meaning of love from the father, hate from the daughters to their father but most of all it grasps the meaning of growing up vividly in a more modernist twentieth century way. In ‘The Son’s Veto’ it goes on about a story of a woman in a wheelchair, with beautiful braided hair, and it is basically a story of the relationships revolving around this woman, and with her. This story starts off with a full-blown introduction of this woman, with a description of her hair, and her stance, and her features. Then it goes onto her past, like a premonition, describing the village of where she lived, and the emotions of the goings on around the village. We meet Sophy; Sophy is the woman from the present, with the beautiful braided hair. She is a strong character, the parlour maid in the parson’s house. Then we move on to meet another character, Sam. He is the gardener of Sophy’s acquaintance. ‘He was a young gardener of her acquaintance. She told him the particulars of the late event, and they stood silent,’ this shows us there is some kind of awkwardness between these two people. They begin to converse. They start walking towards Sophy’s mothers door, with Sam presenting his arm around her waist, as you can see from this, Sam likes her in a sexual way, but from Sophy’s reaction, ‘she gently removed it’ the feeling isn’t mutual. We move on to meet the Parson, Mr Twycott.

Singer vs Regan

Environmental Ethics: Singer vs Regan Environmental ethics is defined: as a part of philosophy which considers extending the traditional boundaries of ethics from solely including humans to including the nonhuman world (Wikipedia). For example, this includes the preservation of plants and an increase of animal rights. Peter Singer and Tom Regan both argue that animals need a greater voice than their own in the debate of ethical treatment.Despite their very different philosophical views, Singer and Regan want a similar outcome when dealing with environmental ethics it today’s society. Peter Singer, an Australian philosopher, takes a utilitarian view on nonhuman liberation. In other words actions should be judged strictly by their consequences. For example if an action benefits the largest number of individuals, over a lesser number, then that action must be good.His central view is that moral consideration should be given to all living things but that â€Å"†¦does not mea n treating them alike or holding their lives to be of equal value (Singer p. 58). Singer adds that â€Å"We may recognize that the interests of one being are greater than those of another, and equal consideration will then lead us to sacrifice the being with lesser interest, if one or the other must be sacrificed† (Singer p. 58). This as a whole sounds brutal but on the positive end of moral consideration is that interest shared by both humans and nonhumans have to be given equal weight.Singer argues that â€Å"We can now draw at least one conclusion as to how the existence of nonhuman living things should enter into our deliberations about actions affecting the environment: Where our actions are likely to make animals suffer, that suffering must count in our deliberations, and it should count equally with a like amount of suffering by human beings, insofar as rough comparisons can be made† (Singer p. 59). He adds that the conclusion of making these choices will be con troversial but there will be a clear cut winner. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Tom Regan is an American philosopher that takes a much different view.He argues that not only humans have rights but animals have rights as well. Regan adds that â€Å"To be for animal welfare, as distinct from merely being against animal cruelty, is to believe that we may have a duty to improve the quality of animal life, by ensuring – so far as this is possible – that other animals are the beneficiaries of what is good for them not merely that we should avoid being cruel to them† (Regan p. 66). He emphasizes that â€Å"The welfare of nonhuman animals is important. But it is not the only thing that is important† (Regan p. 67).Regan’s aim is to simply abolish, not reform, the current system of human and nonhuman relations. He argues that it is morally wrong for humans to use animals for their needs, stating that this action, as a result, deprives animals of their individual rights. Regan asserts that all animals have intrinsic value because they have feelings, desires, and preferences. As a result of his beliefs Regan feels that the animal rights movement is no different than the human rights movement. Peter Singer and Tom Regan have similar goals concerning environmental ethics but have much different approaches.Singer takes a utilitarian view stating that the best solution to a moral problem is the one with the best likely consequences for the majority concerned. While on the other hand Regan takes a deontological approach to animal rights. He basis his reasoning on that like humans, animals have an understanding of the world and know what they desire from life. One problem that is worth pointing out between Singer and Regan is the loophole concerning endangered species. Singer does not look at individuals he looks at a group. With endangered species the group is small and therefore does not carry a large voice in conservation.On the other hand Regan cannot argue for the group that is endangered but only the individual that is in question. As a result endangered species are left is constant feeling of limbo waiting for a definite answer on their place in society. Despite the differences between Peter Singer and Tom Regan they are both in agreement that some action needs to take place. The world would continue to crumble around us if it was not for two great philosophers willing to put their reputations on the line for the greater good for both humans and nonhumans. Environmental Ethics, ed. Andrew Light and Holmes Rolston III. Singer vs Regan Environmental Ethics: Singer vs Regan Environmental ethics is defined: as a part of philosophy which considers extending the traditional boundaries of ethics from solely including humans to including the nonhuman world (Wikipedia). For example, this includes the preservation of plants and an increase of animal rights. Peter Singer and Tom Regan both argue that animals need a greater voice than their own in the debate of ethical treatment.Despite their very different philosophical views, Singer and Regan want a similar outcome when dealing with environmental ethics it today’s society. Peter Singer, an Australian philosopher, takes a utilitarian view on nonhuman liberation. In other words actions should be judged strictly by their consequences. For example if an action benefits the largest number of individuals, over a lesser number, then that action must be good.His central view is that moral consideration should be given to all living things but that â€Å"†¦does not mea n treating them alike or holding their lives to be of equal value (Singer p. 58). Singer adds that â€Å"We may recognize that the interests of one being are greater than those of another, and equal consideration will then lead us to sacrifice the being with lesser interest, if one or the other must be sacrificed† (Singer p. 58). This as a whole sounds brutal but on the positive end of moral consideration is that interest shared by both humans and nonhumans have to be given equal weight.Singer argues that â€Å"We can now draw at least one conclusion as to how the existence of nonhuman living things should enter into our deliberations about actions affecting the environment: Where our actions are likely to make animals suffer, that suffering must count in our deliberations, and it should count equally with a like amount of suffering by human beings, insofar as rough comparisons can be made† (Singer p. 59). He adds that the conclusion of making these choices will be con troversial but there will be a clear cut winner. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Tom Regan is an American philosopher that takes a much different view.He argues that not only humans have rights but animals have rights as well. Regan adds that â€Å"To be for animal welfare, as distinct from merely being against animal cruelty, is to believe that we may have a duty to improve the quality of animal life, by ensuring – so far as this is possible – that other animals are the beneficiaries of what is good for them not merely that we should avoid being cruel to them† (Regan p. 66). He emphasizes that â€Å"The welfare of nonhuman animals is important. But it is not the only thing that is important† (Regan p. 67).Regan’s aim is to simply abolish, not reform, the current system of human and nonhuman relations. He argues that it is morally wrong for humans to use animals for their needs, stating that this action, as a result, deprives animals of their individual rights. Regan asserts that all animals have intrinsic value because they have feelings, desires, and preferences. As a result of his beliefs Regan feels that the animal rights movement is no different than the human rights movement. Peter Singer and Tom Regan have similar goals concerning environmental ethics but have much different approaches.Singer takes a utilitarian view stating that the best solution to a moral problem is the one with the best likely consequences for the majority concerned. While on the other hand Regan takes a deontological approach to animal rights. He basis his reasoning on that like humans, animals have an understanding of the world and know what they desire from life. One problem that is worth pointing out between Singer and Regan is the loophole concerning endangered species. Singer does not look at individuals he looks at a group. With endangered species the group is small and therefore does not carry a large voice in conservation.On the other hand Regan cannot argue for the group that is endangered but only the individual that is in question. As a result endangered species are left is constant feeling of limbo waiting for a definite answer on their place in society. Despite the differences between Peter Singer and Tom Regan they are both in agreement that some action needs to take place. The world would continue to crumble around us if it was not for two great philosophers willing to put their reputations on the line for the greater good for both humans and nonhumans. Environmental Ethics, ed. Andrew Light and Holmes Rolston III.

Computer Shipments Continue Decline And Sales - 1750 Words

The most precipitous decline in personal computer shipments and sales have led many technology writers to inscribe in a plethora of online articles about what may inevitably be the demise of the personal computer. The purpose of this paper is to inform its reader about five (5) articles that were written to highlight the decline in personal computer shipments and sales in the third and fourth quarters of 2013 and how the introduction of Windows 8 as the operating system for these devices may have been the leading contributory factor of the decline. Various comparisons were summarised and personal input made in the reasons for Windows 8 failure upon entry to the technology market. Farber in his article titled â€Å"PC shipments continue†¦show more content†¦This statement they alluded to the consumer’s shift from personal computers to tablets for daily content consumption that continued to decrease the installed base of personal computers both in mature as well as in emerging markets. Keizer in his article â€Å"Windows 8 s complexity tax shackles Microsoft†, suggested that the labyrinth composition of the Windows 8 from an end user’s viewpoint led to its nosedive. Thompson (2014) in the article, â€Å"Windows 8 and the cost of complexity† stated that ‘computer makers have been hurt as consumers and businesses spend more time on smartphones and tablets, and are slower to replace aging personal computers’. Both Faber and Evangehlo’s articles echo the same argument that personal computer sales and shipments, in general, have been continuing its downward spiral because tablets and smartphones have replaced personal computers especially in incipient markets. Though Faber’s article drew focus on Apple’s MacIntosh growing 28.5 percent year over year, Evangehlo focus drew on Intel’s confirmation that new processors will be capable of switching between Android and Windows instantaneously. In comparison to Pettey and van der Meulen’s article, â€Å"Gartner Says Worldwide PC Shipments in the Third Quarter of 2013 Declined 8.6 Percent† with Faber and Evangehlo’s articles, all three articles ascribed the fall of personal computer shipments and sales throughout 2013 as the

The Greatest Good For A Man - 840 Words

â€Å"The greatest good for a man [is] to discuss virtue everyday, for the unexamined life,† solemnly declared Socrates â€Å"is not worth living† (38a). In perhaps his most iconic and profound statement, Socrates establishes himself as an early proponent of eudemonism, presents the foundation for his philosophical ideologies, and debases any life that does not actively pursue knowledge and virtue. Through his persistent introspection and questioning of societal values, Socrates exemplifies key characteristics of the examined life. And although perpetual contemplation presents significant internal and external challenges, the benefits of living an examined life substantially outweigh its disadvantages as illustrated by Socrates in Plato’s various texts. But what exactly is the examined life and what are its components? 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Animal Testing Should Be Banned - 1985 Words

Animals have been used to advance medical science for thousands of years, dating back to the time of ancient Greece, where scientists such as Aristotle and Erasistratus used animals for experimentation, and Galen who is considered to be one of the most important physicians of the ancient Roman empire conducted experiments using animals that advanced the understanding of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology (Animal Testing and Medicine 1). An Arab physician by the name of Ibn Zuhr also introduced the idea of animals being used to test experimental surgical procedures before applying them to human patients. Poisoning and severe side effects has resulted from drugs being released to the public without testing, this caused a law to†¦show more content†¦Animals are essential for biomedical research because they are biologically similar to humans, this allows scientists to see how proposed treatments affect the body. Also, some diseases can only be studied in living or ganisms, and the use of humans is unethical and illegal. Biomedical research using animal experimentation has helped to increase the safety of the public against many diseases. In recent history, scientists have been capable of creating treatments against diseases such as polio, smallpox, whooping cough, and measles which affect or have affected a large part of the human population. Scientists also used what they learn through past research to create treatments for diseases that have become epidemics recently, such as Ebola which recently spread across most of Africa. Without the research animals used from animals, epidemics could have been even more devastating on the human population. Animals are used in biomedical research because their basic cell processes are the same as humans. Mice share about ninety eight percent of DNA with a human, which makes them susceptible to the same types of diseases humans are. In addition â€Å" Many basic cell processes are the same in all animal s, and the bodies of animals are like humans in the way that they perform many vital functions such as breathing, digestion, movement, sight, hearing, and reproduction† (Why Animals are Used 1). Because of these similarities, scientists are able to develop and

Dome of the Rock Jeruselam Free Essays

string(186) " seen on the outside of the structure, on the mosaics inside, and the calligraphy around the arcades tell a Muslim story that was meant to show an end to the Christian rule of the area\." 1 Jake Kelly 4/27/2012 Art History 130c Report Dome of the Rock: Jerusalem The Dome of the Rock is in an area surrounded by religious influences and not all these are Islamic. It is located on the Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem, which has gone through many religious changes. Religious groups have been fighting over this area for thousands of years and the fighting still continues today. We will write a custom essay sample on Dome of the Rock: Jeruselam or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many different groups have inhabited this region, but not many have made the impact as the group responsible for the Dome of the Rock. The most dramatic change came when the Muslims took Jerusalem the Christians. When this historical event happened, the Muslims wanted to get rid of any Christian influence, and the Dome of the Rock reflects this idea. This new ruling group wanted to take the religious focus from every previous Christian piece of architecture and turn it towards the Dome of the Rock. To accomplish the construction of a building that overlooked all over Jerusalem, there needed to be a elevated, flat space. The location of its construction is a plateau above the holy city and is another clue to what the Muslims were trying to accomplish. The Haram had many Christian holy spots located there, including the tomb of Christ and the rotunda above it. The structure we see today, has pro Islam calligraphy on the outside walls as well as the mosaics located inside. This use of calligraphy in art work in the Dome of the Rock is one of the first used in Muslim architecture. They use the calligraphy for Qur’anic versus’ as well as explain their faith to people visiting the Dome. Even though the Muslims were trying to out do the previous 2 religion, Christian influence is seen through the octagonal shape of the structure. Along with the location and calligraphy, the nature theme of the art work inside show the religious shift that was taking place at the time of its creation. In early Islamic art that was used during this period of time, no human art forms are used. This was against Islamic law, and much of the Christian architecture of the region followed completely opposite guidelines with human forms. When the Islamic religion took hold of this egion, they did not integrate the Christian holy structures into a Mosque, but instead used Islamic art and architecture in the building of the Dome of the Rock to show the new Islamic dominance over the existing Christian architecture. â€Å"Tradition-Jewish, Christian and Muslim-holds that Solomon built this Temple, dedicated to the Israelite God Yahweh, in the southeast corner of what is now Jerusalem’s O ld City, on a platform known to the Jews and Christians as the Temple Mount to Muslims as the Haram al-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary). () (figure 1). The area known to the Muslims as Haram as-Sharif only because of its overlooking presence on the city of Jerusalem, was a very religious cite for the Christian religion that has ideas the Muslims do not agree with. In the Islamic faith, the followers believe Jesus was not the son of God. They believe Jesus was a prophet, but was not the son of God as he claimed during his life on earth. This is the major difference between the two faiths and has caused controversy among members of both religions. The single idea of whether or not Jesus is the son of God has, and will keep these two groups competing for dominance. This competition can be seen through the location the architect chose for the 3 Dome of the Rock. The Omayyad caliph ‘Abd al-Malik chose this position to draw attention from the old â€Å"center of Jerusalem† and the Christian Holy Sepulchre church and the rotunda over the tomb of Jesus, to a new Islamic architectural creation that later was caped with a golden dome. The Dome of the Rock now, dominates the Jerusalem skyline. Al-Malik’s plan worked, but was intended to do much more than just overlook old Christian structures. They wanted nothing to do with these structures and it is reflected by many of the themes chosen for this piece of art. The design, structure, and art are all Islamic art forms intended to show the dominance of the new group over the people who previously dominated the area. â€Å"The Arabs referred to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre by a different name, using a pun in Arabic. In Christian tradition the church is widely known as the Church of the Resurrection-al-Qiyama in Arabic. The Arabs changed its name to al-Qamama- church of the Dung. †()(figure 2). Disrespect to the Christian faith was the intent of this name changing, but other reasons lie below the surface. The new ruling Islamic group changed the name almost as propaganda for the people to see this beautiful church as below the new Islamic architecture. This tactic has been used time and time again throughout art history to draw attention and show dominance of the new ruling religion or group. With all this negativity towards anything Christian, the Dome of the Rock would think to have no such influence. The golden dome is the exact same inner dimensions as the Sepulchre Church and the octagonal structure was first seen in Christian architecture. With the disagreement, the Muslim builders could not deny the Christian building 4 techniques and layout when creating the Dome of the Rock. The structure may be very similar, but that is not what sets it apart from Christian architecture. The art work incorporated with the building tells an Islamic story and shows the shift from tradition Christian art to a completely different style used by the creators. A major shift also occurs with the subject matter incorporated the art. The Christians used many statues and paintings in their religious locations, but the new Islamic group now only used things like nature and calligraphy in all there art. What is seen on the outside of the structure, on the mosaics inside, and the calligraphy around the arcades tell a Muslim story that was meant to show an end to the Christian rule of the area. You read "Dome of the Rock: Jeruselam" in category "Papers" â€Å"It rises atop a tall cylinder of some 98 feet (30m) over the platform. Constructed of wood, it is not gilded but covered with a special alloy containing gold that provides its vaguely golden tone. The cupola is supported by a circular arcade of four piers and sixteen columns flanked by two ambulatories surrounds the cylinder and holds tight, as in a ring. The ambulatories together are 46 feet (14m) deep, and give the whole building a diameter of some 157 feet (48m). It rises to only 36 feet (11m) inside and 43 feet (13m) on the outside, strengthening the impact of the central cylinder with cupola. † () The structure of the Dome of the Rock was not huge like many other Islamic religious structures. Compared with the Mosques and other Islamic holy sites studied in art history, this is very small and shaped different, but still keeps the normal Islamic theme of the time. Islamic holy sites are usually gigantic elaborate buildings on the outside as well as the in, but this is where the Dome is different. The only real elaborate piece to the outside is the golden dome that can be noticed and recognized from far distances. This was a structure made to look like structurally like the existing Christian holy sites. The similarity between structures was intended 5 ot to mimic, but to show that their religion was the truth, through the Islamic art work and calligraphy. The least elaborate section of the building is the outside and has calligraphy that was once with Islamic based mosaics. The gold dome with a plain building is a strategic move that give the structure a very unique quality. The inside of the Dome of the Rock may be more important than the dome itself and what it stood for . There are documents inside the building telling what the calligraphy inside the building can be translated to. This calligraphy is from the Koran and is on the top of the inner and outer octagonal arcades (figure 3). The calligraphy, â€Å"These passages make three points: (1) God is one; He cannot be born or give birth, a basic Muslim position in relationship to the Christians; (2) God’s messenger is Muhammad, who was brought the divine message to mankind and (3) Jesus, the son of Mary, is also a messenger who should be honored and praised because of his virtuous life and because he carried some of the signs of the divine relationship to man. † () The Muslims and Christians are two religions that have many simililarites, but disagree with who was the prophet and if Jesus was the son of god or just a messenger. As stated earlier, these differences have caused controversy between the two groups, which are meant to be brought out by the Qur’anic versus. These messages of one God, Muhammad as the prophet, and Jesus only being a messenger were inserted in the inside art work to set in stone what religion now controlled this area. They wanted to show who now had the power of the area and wanted it to be clear through the art work and calligraphy found on the inner and outer arcades. During the time of the construction, no human forms were used in 6 the art work. This is a reason calligraphy can be seen throughout this Muslim based piece of architecture. Calligraphy is a very important piece to almost and Islamic work and always tells a religious story from the Koran or other religious works. To take this even further, the Islamic people may have been trying to flex their chest a little more by staying away from any type of Christian art forms. Whatever the intent was, the calligraphy on the inner and outer arcades comes directly out of the Koran and puts to rest the old Christian ways of the area. To go along with the Islamic calligraphy on the inside of the Dome of the Rock, the incorporation of nature mosaics shows the shift in art work of the area. The patrons and builders of this great building obvisously wanted nothing to do with the art work of the Christians, and is the reason no blending of art happened between the two at this time. When the Christians dominated the area, portraiture was very popular as well as Christian statues and stained glass portraying holy people was not uncommon. During the time period when the Muslims conquered the Christians, human images were not allowed to be subject matter in and Islamic art. The Islamic people wanted to get rid of the Christian art work that went against their faith and first started with the Dome of the Rock. One similarity between the artwork of these two groups could be the use of glass, but they each used glass in different ways. Instead of stain glass mosaics of people, the Muslim builder used small pieces of glass called tesserae to create much of the mosaics that line the walls of the Dome of the Rock. This took time, but when one sees the inside of this great building, the time taken by these artists to do the mosaics was well worth it. 7 It is easy to enumerate the components: acanthus bowls of several different shapes; scrolls made of calices fitted into one another, occasionally simplified into a single ribbon with jewels and adaptable to almost any space; supporting rods, usually artificial cominations of repeated floral or ornamental elements; trees, among which palm trees can be recognized, and tufts of grass; garlands and single leaves whi ch, especially on the soffits, serve as background for fruits; berries, fruits, and vegetables, among which pomergranets, olives, cherries, dates, grapes, and several kinds of cucumbers can be recognized; full or empty cornucopias of many different forms; vases shells; crescents and stars; an astounding array of insignia associated with royal power, such as crowns or tiaras, and other jewelry of many kinds with no royal association; pairs of wings; and artificial combinations of several of these elements to create imaginative and fantastic compositions† () (figure 4). This quote from a book written by Oleg Grabar tells the type of art work found in and around the dome of the rock. There are absolutely no human forms in any of this art work and is not done this way solely because this was Islamic law. The creators wanted to put a completely Muslim piece of architecture in the Jerusalem skyline to let the people of the city and visitors that this was now an Islamic dominated are a. †¦reasons for the building of this monument include: (1) the portrayal of the triumph of Islam, the Final Revelation, based off the opulent surface decoration throughout the building, especially the jewel-studded mosaics, precious stones, etc. , and the calligraphy of specific Qur’anic versus symbolizing holiness, wealth, and power, and (2) the commemoration of the location of the Prophet Muhammad’s ‘Night Journey’, especially of the ‘rock’ itself on top of which, according to later traditions, the Prophet stood before being led by angel Gabriel to meet God in the second part of the ‘Night Journey’ – the Miraj. † () Jerusalem has always been an area of religious struggle, because of its location and importance to an abundance of religions. There were Jewish strongholds as well as Christians ruling this area way before the Islamic people came into power. The struggle for power has turned the 8 area into something so sought after, that when they gained control, triumph throughout the Islamic faith began. Constructing a great piece of architecture is a tactic used time in time again throughout history to mark a change in time, and these people were trying to do just that. This building was meant to be on top of the hill looking down over the city, to maybe instill pride in people of the area, but much more than the location is put into its creation. The subject matter of the art is that of Islamic wealth and power. These refrences paint the picture of what these new people to the area were all about. They had power, backed by the Islamic law, and enough money to build pieces of architecture like this all over the area. These rulers and wealthy citizens were very good patrons to the arts and is seen through the construction and choices of art work on the inside of the structure. Patrons willing to spend vast amounts of money on art and architecture can be seen throughout the Muslim history. To take this further, the subject matter and location of the building were not the only reasons for its construction. In the first part of the night journey, Prophet Muhammad travelled all the way to Jerusalem, where he met up the angel Gabriel on the rock contained inside the Dome of the Rock. (figure 5). They then travelled to heaven, hell, and to meet God. The Islamic people take this story, as well as many other stories, very seriously and truthfully believe events like this once occurred upon this rock. This type of religious belief system has been seen around the world for centuries, and anything from something in nature or the world and turn into a relic overnight. Patrons, as well as builders did not just pick this area because it over looked the city of Jerusalem, they wanted to use the rock as a piece of art and almost a relic to be worshipped while inside the structure. Christian churches always have some type of relic or piece of art inside the church that can be 9 the center of worship. Many times a priest or holy person will kiss this relic that is usually contained inside the alter of a Christian church. People can walk into the Dome of the Rock and be able to relate a story to the rock and Muhammad much like Christians can with the relics in there churches. This may not be your typical art object or relic used in a church, but because its sacred history this giant rock is the center piece of this beautiful piece of art. The exterior of the Dome of the Rock is almost like night and day when you relate it to the elaborate mosaics and arcades of the interior chamber. This is a building that was made to be seen from far away as someone journeyed into the city. â€Å".. the Dome of the Rock operates as a magnetic entity from afar and breaks down into partial and repetitive elements as one draws near it. () As you approach the city of Jerusalem, towering over the skyline is this magnificent golden dome that appears to be attached to an elaborate building. When one keeps travelling and gets closer to the actual building itself, the gold domed building that once looked elaborate is now ver y plain. â€Å"What distinguishes the Dome of the Rock, however is that the remote impact is the same wherever one becomes aware of its presence, and nowhere does perception of the building require or invite entry, as do, for instance, the funnellike facades of Gothic cathedrals. † () The evidence is really weak on why exactly this non elaborate technique was used on the exterior part of the building and seems very weird of Muslim architecture and art. Usually the entire structure of a holy location would be covered with art to almost draw in the 10 thousands of people a day to pray. Because it was created to be seen far away and dominate the Jerusalem skyline, they did not elaborately create the outside of the structure to be similar to the inside, but instead used a golden dome to draw people in. With this contrast brings curiosity and could have easily been a motive during construction. Even though the outside, bottom section of the building, is very bland when you compare it to the golden dome or the elaborate tesserae mosaics of the interior, many people still put rank it as one of the most beautiful in the world today. The symmetrical technique, octagonal shape, and the art used in the creation of the Dome of the Rock were before their time and are still thought highly of today. With all the Islamic influence as well as the incorporation of some Christian techniques, one would think there was no more room for outside influence. â€Å"Byzantine, Persian, and Arab design and architecture are blended in it to create a magnificent whole. The blending of the three types of art is not surprising for all three people shared in the constrction. †() With all these different influences present during construction, no wonder many attribute this piece of architecture with beauty and uniqueness. The mosque of the rock is extrodinary and beautiful. I have visited many places and beautiful buildings in India, Europe, and other parts of the world, and as far as I can remember. I have not seen as magnificent of a building as the Dome of the rock. The symmetry and the gorgeous blending of colors I have not se en in any other building. † (5) Many people around the world share this same opinion of the incredible building. Everything that went into its construction, make it one of the most unique places to visit in the entire world. 11 The Dome of The Rock in Jerusalem was a building constructed by a group of people that were new to an area and wanted to make a point. These were people of the book, with lives that revolved around following the readings found in the Koran. These religious ideas are seen throughout the entire building. Everything from calligraphy, mosaics, and relics are all geared towards Islamic law and pleasing God or Alah in the Islamic faith. This religious influence was not meant to be just looked at and admired by the Muslim people who now had power of the region. The creators and patrons wanted to give the people a building that towered and naturally looked down upon the Christian architecture that was already there. This group even changed the name of a great Christian church of the region to show who now was in control. The Muslim people of this time and place used Islamic art and architecture in the building of the Dome of the Rock to show there dominance over the group who recently inhabited the region. Figure 1 12 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 13 Figure 5 Bibliography Aref, Aref El. A Brief Guide to The Dome of the Rock and Al-Haram Al-Sharif. Jerusalem: Supreme AWQAF Council, 1959. Print. Bloom, Jonathan M. Early Islamic Art and Architecture. Aldershot [u. a. : Ashgate Variorum, 2002. Print. Grabar, Oleg. The Dome of the Rock. Cambridge, MA: Belknap of Harvard UP, 2006. Print. Nuseibeh, Said, and Oleg Grabar. The Dome of the Rock. New York: Rizzoli, 1996. Print. Shanks, Hershel, and Hershel Shanks. Jerusalem’s Temple Mount: From Solomon to the Golden Dome. New York: Continuum, 2007. Print. I watched a National Geography Video I ordered through the library ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Shanks, Hershel. Jerusalem’s Temple Mount: From Solomon to the Golden Dome. New York: Continuum, 2007. Print. [ 2 ]. Shanks, Hershel. Jerusalem’s Temple Mount: From Solomon to the Golden Dome. New York: Continuum, 2007. Print. [ 3 ]. Nuseibeh, Said, and Oleg Grabar. The Dome of the Rock. New York: Rizzoli, 1996. Print [ 4 ]. Nuseibeh, Said, and Oleg Grabar. The Dome of the Rock. New York: Rizzoli, 1996. Print [ 5 ]. Grabar, Oleg. The Umayyad Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Vermont: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2002. Pg. 224 [ 6 ]. M. Anwarul Islam and Zavid F. Al-hammad. The Dome of the Rock: Origin of its Octagonal Plan. http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. wittenberg. edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=b061e92d-24d2-41ec-9e4c-df5ed7fce55d%40sessionmgr15=4=11 [ 7 ]. Shanks, Hershel. Jerusalem’s Temple Mount: From Solomon to the Golden Dome. New York: Continuum, 2007. Print. [ 8 ]. Shanks, Hershel. Jerusalem’s Temple Mount: From Solomon to the Golden Dome. New York: Continuum, 2007. Print. [ 9 ]. Aref, El Aref. A Brief Guide to The Dome of the Rock. Jerusalem: The Supreme Awqaf Council. 1959. 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